A new approach for spherical fuzzy TOPSIS and spherical fuzzy VIKOR applied to the evaluation of hydrogen storage systems

Abstract This study proposes a new perspective of the TOPSIS and VIKOR methods using recently introduced spherical fuzzy sets (SFSs) to handle vagueness in subjective data uncertainties objective simultaneously. When implementing these techniques SFSs, two main problems might arise that can lead incorrect results. Firstly, reference points change with utilized score function. Secondly, distance between not be largest, as known, among available ratings. To overcome deficiencies increase robustness methods, they are implemented without utilizing any minimize effect defuzzification measuring eliminate formulas. In proposed when an SFS express performance alternative for criterion, this per se viewed measure proximity aspired level. On other hand, conjugate ineffectual Two practical applications presented demonstrate techniques. The first example handles warehouse location selection problem. second evaluates hydrogen storage systems automobiles different types (crisp, linguistic variables, type 1 sets). These transformed SFSs provide more comprehensive analysis. A comparative is conducted earlier versions explicate adequacy consistency